2021 guideline for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: A guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Neuroimaging in moyamoya angiopathy: Updated review. Increasing precision in the management of pediatric neurosurgical cerebrovascular diseases with molecular genetics. Risk factors for ischemic stroke after revascularization surgery in patients with moyamoya disease: An age-stratified comparative meta-analysis. Surgical revascularizations for pediatric moyamoya: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis. The progression of pathophysiology of moyamoya disease. National Organization for Rare Disorders.
Moyamoya disease and moyamoya syndrome: Treatment and prognosis. Moyamoya disease and moyamoya syndrome: Etiology, clinical features, and diagnosis. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. In: Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice. Moyamoya disease can cause serious and permanent damage to the brain. Other complications include speech problems, movement disorders and developmental delays. They include seizures, paralysis and vision problems. Most complications from moyamoya disease are associated with the effects of strokes. Though adults can have moyamoya disease, children younger than 15 years old are most commonly affected. Females have a slightly higher incidence of moyamoya disease. Moyamoya syndrome sometimes occurs in association with other disorders, including neurofibromatosis type 1, sickle cell disease and Down syndrome, among many others. This strongly suggests a genetic component. If you have a family member with moyamoya disease, your risk of having the condition is 30 to 40 times higher than that of the general population. This same higher prevalence has been documented among Asians living in Western countries. This may be due to certain genetic factors in those populations. Although moyamoya disease is found all over the world, it's more common in East Asian countries, especially Korea, Japan and China. Though the cause of moyamoya disease is unknown, certain factors may increase your risk of having the condition. Moyamoya syndrome is also associated with certain conditions, such as Down syndrome, sickle cell anemia, neurofibromatosis type 1 and hyperthyroidism. These changes may have different causes and symptoms. Sometimes changes to the blood vessels, known as vascular changes, can occur that mimic moyamoya disease. Researchers believe the greater prevalence in these Asian countries strongly suggests a genetic factor in some populations. But it also occurs in other parts of the world. Moyamoya disease is most commonly seen in Japan, Korea and China. The exact cause of moyamoya disease is unknown. Early detection and treatment can help prevent a stroke and serious complications. See your health care provider if you have any of the symptoms of moyamoya disease. If you're with someone you suspect is having a stroke, watch the person carefully while waiting for emergency assistance. The longer a stroke goes untreated, the greater the potential for brain damage and disability. If you observe any of these signs, call 911 or emergency medical help immediately.Ĭall 911 or your local emergency number right away. Is the person's speech slurred or strange? Ask the person to repeat a simple phrase. Does one arm drift downward? Or is one arm unable to rise up? Seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a stroke or ministroke, even if they seem to come and go or disappear. These symptoms can be triggered by exercise, crying, coughing, straining or a fever. Trouble speaking or understanding others, known as aphasia.This is typically on one side of your body. Weakness, numbness or paralysis in your face, arm or leg.Symptoms of moyamoya disease related to reduced blood flow to the brain include: The bleeding occurs because of the way blood vessels in the brain formed. But adults also may experience bleeding in the brain, known as a hemorrhagic stroke. Adults may experience these symptoms, as well. In children, the first symptom is usually a stroke or recurrent transient ischemic attack (TIA). Moyamoya disease causes different symptoms in adults and children. Spotting symptoms early is very important to prevent complications such as a stroke. But symptoms are most common in children between ages 5 and 10 and in adults between ages 30 and 50.
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